After the depleting drop off of the last few weeks, this morning we've enjoyed a little bit of a rally in the markets. Of course, the famous question is, is this really just a dead cat bounce? Well, markets price in the future, so have they done pricing it in? Really, nobody knows. So let's switch the conversation from returns to risk. Today's world is very much one of risk selection rather than risk avoidance. What do I mean by that? Well, let's explain by differentiating the different asset classes that are out there and discuss the risk associated with each and every one of them. Your typical risk-free asset is cash. When we talk about putting cash under the mattress, we're thinking, "Okay, that's safe." Of course, if you took $100 in 1920, threw it under a mattress, today, I don't know what it's worth, 10, 20 bucks? It...

  What a great day to rebalance. The market's down. It's 1:00 PM. It's down 3% for the S&P 500. Why did the market react as it did? So consumer price point numbers came out for August, and prices were up 8.3% year over year. It's actually a slight deceleration from the month previously due to a 10% drop in gas prices. However, what the market really cares about is core inflation. And core inflation came in at 6.32% versus about 6.1 for estimates, and I think it was 5.8% the month before. So core inflation is still gaining steam. That means it's pretty much guaranteed that at the next Federal Open Market Committee, there's going to be another 75 basis point rate hike. When there's a 75 basis point rate hike, interest rates go up across the board. Treasuries are already going up in anticipation, and when yields go...

  Last week, it was announced that we're actually in a recession. Is it a technical recession? Just how bad is it? There's a lot of different definitions of recession and the most technical one is “two successive quarters with negative GDP”. That's the technical definition that has been met. However, most definitions include some combination of the following: high interest rates and/or high inflation, along with a drop in GDP and a significant rise in unemployment. We haven't really run into high interest rates (by historical standards) yet. Without a doubt, in the short term we have high inflation. What we're hoping is that the Fed's on this, and this is a speed bump. To be determined of course. Much more important, unemployment at the end of the last quarter was 3.6%. Now in February 2020, we had historically low unemployment. It was 3.5%. So for most people, this...

  The latest Consumer Price Inflation Index suggests 9.1% inflation. How bad is that and what, if anything, can we do about it? The Consumer Price Index is 9.1%, that's record-setting. We haven't seen anything like that in 40 years. It was a 40-year peak in May for inflation, but it's actually two numbers. You've got the CPI and you've got the core, and the core number actually dropped from 6% to 5.9%. This is very important because we've stripped out energy and food. Now you're saying, "Yeah, but I'm putting a lot of gas in my car. I'm spending a lot of money." You've probably noticed gas prices have slightly eased off. The reason they strip these out is because when it comes to food and it comes to gas, those are very reactive to changes in prices. High prices crush demand, so they're not as accurate. Much more...

  We just had a 3/4% rate hike, the biggest hike in 28 years. Will taming inflation ensure a recession? Right now there's a multi-front war going on against inflation. Finally, after a lot of planning and discussion and debate, the troops have finally been engaged in battle. First and foremost, of course we know about the 75 basis point hike. The Fed funds rate is 1.5%. That's just a fancy name for the short-term safe money interest rate and it is the basis on which all other interest rates are built upon. We're however only halfway to the goal of 3% and we were as low as zero after the pandemic. In fact, by 2023, it's going to go up to 3.75%. So, this party's not over yet. This is affecting interest rates all along the yield curve, which is the fancy way of saying mortgage rates are going...

  Inflation, just how bad is it? It seems that just about every headline in every media outlet is talking about inflation and there's as many opinions about inflation as there are headlines. So, I thought I'd go through a quick summary of the various components of inflation with the idea of maybe improving our general understanding. We have this headline number of inflation. The most recent headline was *8.3%, which was slightly lower than the month before, but inflation is made up of bits. We've got fuel, we've got food, we've got housing, we've got pretty much everything else. We've got core inflation, which includes housing and everything else and we've got the fuel and food inflation. So this gets a little fun. Oil, as we know is $120 a barrel, a little bit over. The average price of a gallon of gasoline throughout the country is $5. Historically,...

  Well, here we go again. Morningstar market index, it's down a year to date -17.7%. Are we in yet another bear market? With the S&P 500 down over 16% and other indices looking even worse, what does this mean? Well, there's a lot of pressure on all markets. Interest rate hikes are necessary to fight inflation. Inflation is at 8%, maybe higher. We have what's called an inverted yield curve. It's a strong leading indicator of recession. There's a war in the Ukraine and it's having severe impacts on the energy markets, which is further feeding inflation. And then we have corona lockdowns in China, which may not seem to be relevant, but they're having a significant impact on supply chains over and above the regular transit challenges that exist. The probability of a recession in the next six to 18 months is extremely high. The Fed will do...

  With the Fed about to raise interest rates, where do we go from here? Last week saw significant volatility in the equity markets and the Fed has told us this week to expect up to a 0.5% bump in interest rates. Are we seeing a correction? GDP contracted last quarter by 1.4%. The Fed's quantitative easing is coming to a slow end, and we now have increased interest rates baked into the cake. Could any or all of this drive us into a recession? Higher interest rates, inflation, recession. This begins to sound like the stagflation of the 1970s. If so, it's going to be a paired down version. That was pretty awful. What we have today is quite different. We have supply and labor shortages. This implies a new higher base rate for inflation in the decade to come. But when I say a higher base rate, I...

Here’s an exercise you may find informative. Ask a couple friends what happened to the stock market in 2020. You’ll get a wide array of answers, but here’s an answer you’re unlikely to receive: “The S&P 500 rose 16.26% in 2020, an above average annual return and a good year of market performance by any standard.” Why shouldn’t we expect this answer? It likely has something to do with the sharp pandemic-induced 34% drop we saw at the beginning of 2020, which comes to mind quicker than the gains the index posted by the end of the year. Unfortunately, as human beings, our brains aren’t hardwired for good investing. Studies show that human beings find a 1% loss to be more painful than a 1% gain is enjoyable – this leads us to focus on potential losses (because they have a greater emotional impact on the human mind) more than we focus on potential...

Paul visits The Legal Fix with Bruce Tough for a fun discussion about his new book: "Tips & Traps Selling Your Business". For more information about Tough Law Firm and The Legal Fix click HERE.